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U.S. Tariff & Customs Law Practice

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Strategic counsel for importers navigating tariff regulations and customs enforcement.

At Harris Sliwoski, our international trade attorneys provide sophisticated legal guidance to importers and manufacturers confronting rising U.S. tariff obligations and increasingly aggressive customs enforcement. With tariff rates at historic highs and CBP ramping up supply chain verification, the need for strategic legal structuring of your import operations has never been more critical.

We offer specialized consultations on tariff regulations. Explore the options with our leading tariff and customs experts below.

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Tariff Optimization & Compliance Counsel

Our trade law practice focuses on minimizing tariff exposure while ensuring full regulatory compliance. We structure complex international transactions to achieve optimal duty treatment under current U.S. customs law, including:

Contract Structuring & Transaction Planning

  • Manufacturing Agreement Optimization: Separating dutiable manufacturing costs from non-dutiable elements including royalties, tooling expenses, technical assistance, research and development, and post-importation services under 19 CFR § 152.103.
  • Transfer Pricing Coordination: Aligning customs valuation with IRS transfer pricing documentation to avoid conflicting agency positions.
  • Related Party Transaction Compliance: Structuring affiliate transactions under 19 U.S.C. § 1401a(b)(2)(B) and the “circumstances of sale” test established in Generra Sportswear Co. v. United States.

Classification & Valuation Expertise

  • Harmonized Tariff Schedule Analysis: Securing favorable classifications through binding ruling requests under 19 CFR § 177.1.
  • Country of Origin Determinations: Navigating substantial transformation rules, marking requirements, and government procurement restrictions.
  • Customs Valuation Disputes: Defending transaction value methodologies and challenging CBP appraisement under 19 U.S.C. § 1500.

Other Customs Programs & Procedures

  • Foreign Trade Zone Operations: Implementing FTZ manufacturing and manipulation under 19 CFR Part 146 to defer, reduce, or eliminate duties.
  • First Sale Rule Applications: Establishing compliant multi-tier transactions under J.C. Penney Purchasing Corp. v. United States.
  • Duty Drawback Claims: Recovering duties on exported or destroyed merchandise under 19 U.S.C. § 1313.
  • Temporary Importation Programs: Utilizing carnet procedures and temporary import bonds under 19 CFR Part 10.
Person using a calculator at a desk with coins, notepad, and digital tariff-related icons, illustrating financial analysis and tariff calculation concepts.

Regulatory Compliance & Enforcement Defense

Import Compliance Programs

We develop comprehensive customs compliance frameworks incorporating:

  • Reasonable Care Standards: Implementing systems satisfying the United States v. Golden Ship Trading reasonable care requirements
  • Prior Disclosure Protocols: Establishing procedures for voluntary disclosure under 19 CFR § 162.74 to minimize penalty exposure
  • Record-Keeping Systems: Ensuring five-year retention compliance under 19 CFR Part 163

Customs Enforcement & Penalty Mitigation

  • Section 1592 Penalty Defense: Defending allegations of negligent, grossly negligent, or fraudulent customs violations under 19 U.S.C. § 1592
  • Administrative Enforcement Responses: Managing CBP requests for information, focused assessments, and compliance examinations
  • Anti-Dumping/Countervailing Duty Defense: Responding to Commerce Department investigations and defending scope determinations

Specialized Trade Enforcement Practice

Trade Remedy Proceedings

  • Antidumping & Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Representing importers and foreign producers before Commerce and the International Trade Commission
  • Section 337 Investigations: Defending intellectual property-based exclusion orders before the ITC
  • Section 232 & 301 Proceedings: Advising on national security tariffs and China trade war measures

Anti-Circumvention & EAPA Proceedings

  • EAPA Compliance Defense: Defending against anti-evasion investigations under 19 U.S.C. § 1517
  • Transshipment Defense: Responding to allegations of circumventing antidumping and countervailing duty orders
  • Supply Chain Verification: Managing CBP’s enhanced supply chain security requirements and forced labor enforcement

False Claims Act & Qui Tam Litigation

  • Whistleblower Defense: Defending corporations against qui tam allegations of customs fraud
  • Relator Representation: Representing whistleblowers exposing customs violations by competitors
  • Government Investigations: Managing DOJ and CBP criminal investigations involving customs violations
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Industry-Specific Expertise

Our customs law practice serves diverse industries with specialized regulatory frameworks:

  • Automotive & Transportation: USMCA/NAFTA rules of origin, tariff engineering, fuel economy regulations
  • Technology & Electronics: Section 301 China tariffs, semiconductor tariff classifications, telecommunications equipment restrictions
  • Textiles & Apparel: Textile Trade Agreements, preferential duty treatment, labor compliance requirements
  • Food & Agriculture: FDA import requirements, tariff classification of processed vs. unprocessed goods
  • Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices: FDA/CBP coordination, valuation of kits and mixed shipments

Casos destacados

  • Represented a Chinese electronics exporter in a Section 301 tariff exclusion request before USTR, helping the client avoid millions in retaliatory duties.
  • Advised a U.S. solar panel importer in a CBP origin verification audit focused on alleged tariff circumvention through Southeast Asia.
  • Secured binding tariff classification rulings for semiconductor testing systems, achieving over $1.2M in annual duty savings.
  • Restructured a multinational supply chain to reduce exposure to Section 301 tariffs, leveraging first-sale pricing and substantial transformation strategies.
  • Defended a medical device importer in a DOJ investigation involving customs valuation fraud under the False Claims Act.
  • Counseled an automotive parts manufacturer in an EAPA proceeding involving CBP allegations of AD/CVD duty evasion.
  • Negotiated a prior disclosure and penalty petition for a U.S. consumer products company involving misclassification, resulting in full penalty mitigation.
  • Represented a textile importer in a tariff reclassification dispute before CBP, successfully shifting classification to a duty-free preference program.
  • Conducted comprehensive tariff risk audits for importers seeking to preempt CBP enforcement actions and reduce long-term duty exposure.
  • Managed a Section 232 steel tariff exclusion petition based on product-specific national security exemptions.
Person using a laptop with a virtual display showing an upward arrow labeled "IMPORT TARIFFS" surrounded by currency symbols and percentage signs.

Why Harris Sliwoski for Customs & Trade Law

  • Deep Regulatory Experience: Our attorneys have held senior positions at CBP, Commerce Department, and the ITC.
  • Cross-Border Integration: We align customs compliance with international tax and regulatory strategies.
  • Proactive Risk Management: We structure transactions to minimize customs risk before issues arise.
  • Government Relations Capability: Our lawyers have often testified before various Congressional international trade committees, and we have a long history of effectively engaging with regulatory bodies and policymakers.
  • Regulatory Advocacy & Policy Development: We comment on proposed regulations and assist in shaping agency implementation.
  • Focused Practice Advantage: Our narrow focus delivers high-level expertise efficiently and cost-effectively.

Emerging Regulatory Challenges

As global trade evolves, so do regulatory complexities. We help clients navigate cutting-edge issues including:

  • Digital Trade & AI: Customs treatment of artificial intelligence, software, and digital services
  • Cryptocurrency Valuation: Establishing customs value methodologies for blockchain-based transactions
  • Supply Chain Transparency: Meeting enhanced due diligence requirements under forced labor and conflict minerals regulations

Expert Consultation Services: Master Your Global Strategy

Navigate the complexities of international trade and global business with our specialized, expert-led consultations.

60-Minute Tariff Strategy Consultation with Adams Lee

Our lead International Trade Attorney — $650 flat fee (upfront) • [View Full Bio]

Gain a clear roadmap to minimize your company’s tariff exposure and optimize your international trade operations. This session focuses on assessing your specific tariff challenges and developing practical solutions.

Before the call: Please briefly describe the products you’re importing (or plan to import) and their countries of origin so we can maximize our time together. If your needs fall outside our expertise, we will inform you in advance and issue a full refund if payment has been made.

60-Minute Global Business Strategy Consultation with Dan Harris

Our lead International Manufacturing Attorney — $650 flat fee (upfront) • [View Full Bio]

Develop a robust, country-specific strategy to confidently expand your business or relocate operations into new global markets. This session provides essential guidance on business and manufacturing strategies, independent of current tariff structures. It’s ideal if you’re considering entering new markets or relocating your operations.

Before the call: Please let us know which countries you’re considering. This ensures we are fully prepared and focused on your specific needs. If there’s a country outside our expertise, we will inform you in advance and issue a full refund if payment has been made.

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Get in Touch with Our International Trade Attorneys

Schedule a consultation with our international trade attorneys to assess your current customs compliance posture and identify optimization opportunities within existing regulatory frameworks.

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Confidential Consultation Regarding
Ongoing Customs Audits,
Penalty Proceedings, or
Strategic Trade Planning

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Risk Assessment & Next Steps

Current enforcement trends indicate heightened scrutiny of:

  • Related party transactions and transfer pricing coordination
  • Country of origin representations in multi-country supply chains
  • Customs valuation methodologies for intangible property
  • Supply chain due diligence under forced labor regulations

Given the ever-evolving landscape of U.S. customs enforcement and international trade policy, a proactive review of your import operations is essential.

Schedule a Consultation
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Los éxitos de nuestros clientes

Harris Sliwoski nos ha guiadoHarris Sliwoski en el proceso de constitución de nuestra empresa. Siguen ayudándonos con los trámites de registro necesarios y con el cumplimiento de numerosas normativas. Han sabido responder con rapidez a todas nuestras numerosas preguntas y ofrecernos opciones claras, explicaciones y consejos prácticos. Esperamos seguir recurriendo a Harris Sliwoski forma habitual a medida que nuestra empresa crezca. También nos presentaron a otros expertos profesionales. No dudaríamos en recomendar Harris Sliwoski cualquier empresa que necesite asesoramiento jurídico».

icono de usuario Three Continents Foods, S.L.U.

Este bufete de abogados nos prestó una ayuda inestimable durante el proceso de obtención de la licencia comercial en el sector del cannabis de California. Nos han ayudado a resolver diversas cuestiones legales con gran rapidez, manteniéndonos informados en todo momento a lo largo del proceso. Todas las personas con las que hemos trabajado enHarris Sliwoski expertas en su campo y siempre hemos tenido la sensación de estar en buenas manos gracias a su representación legal.

icono de usuario Wil Crummer, director ejecutivo PRO Farms

Los asuntos legales siempre dan miedo. Y he tenido que pasar al ataque un par de veces, aunque de mala gana. Contar con Harris Sliwoski me devuelva espalda? Eso hizo que todo fuera mucho menos complicado. Rápidamente me explicaron mis opciones y fueron muy coherentes en sus comunicaciones, plazos y facturación. He tenido la suerte de mantenerme al margen de los asuntos legales durante toda mi carrera, afortunadamente. Cuando las cosas se torcieron un poco, Harris Sliwoski lo solucionó rápidamente.

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Estoy muy satisfecho con este bufete de abogados. Respondieron a todas mis preguntas sobre los negocios relacionados con el cannabis y el marco normativo de California en materia de cannabis, y me han ayudado con diversos asuntos legales de forma rápida y eficaz, manteniéndose siempre en comunicación clara con nosotros durante todo el proceso. Además, me recomendaron a otros profesionales de confianza para satisfacer las necesidades de mi negocio. Todas las personas con las que trabajé en Harris Sliwoski expertas en su campo, y me sentí en buenas manos durante toda la representación legal.

icono de usuario Corey T., director ejecutivo Thinc Cubed, LLC

Harris Sliwoski de 20 años colaborando con los abogados de Harris Sliwoski tanto en mi calidad de empresario como de directivo de un gran sistema sanitario de la costa este, y ello se debe a que siempre me han prestado un asesoramiento en derecho internacional de gran calidad, claro y eficaz. Más recientemente, Harris Sliwoski apoyo jurídico en numerosos asuntos relacionados con la adquisición de productos médicos en todo el mundo. Su apoyo fue especialmente útil durante el inicio de la pandemia de COVID, cuando existía una gran necesidad de conseguir EPI rápidamente, al tiempo que había que lidiar con complicados requisitos legales internacionales y nacionales. El equipo de abogados internacionales Harris Sliwoskinos ayudó llevando a cabo una rápida diligencia debida sobre posibles proveedores, gestionando los trámites legales para obtener productos del extranjero y pasar por la aduana de EE. UU., y redactando contratos para protegernos frente a todo tipo de imprevistos. Lo hicieron prestando, en esencia, un servicio 24 horas al día, 7 días a la semana. No puedo recomendarlos lo suficiente.

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Harris Sliwoski años representando Harris Sliwoski nuestra empresa en el sector del cannabis legal. Harris Sliwoski asesorado en una amplia variedad de asuntos jurídicos y son auténticos expertos en su campo. Recomiendo encarecidamente Harris Sliwoski cualquiera que tenga dudas sobre la legislación del cannabis o cualquier otro asunto jurídico. Han sido de gran ayuda para nuestra empresa y seguirán guiándonos a medida que evolucione nuestro sector.

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No encontrarás un socio mejor que Harris Sliwoski orientarte en el complejo mundo de la normativa sanitaria. No solo ofrecen un asesoramiento jurídico sólido y fiable, sino que además son muy receptivos y saben orientarte de tal manera que te ayuden a alcanzar tus objetivos empresariales.

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Cuando iniciamos el proceso de creación de una empresa de cannabis «de la semilla a la venta» en Oregón, nos dimos cuenta de que necesitábamos el asesoramiento jurídico de expertos. El sector del cannabis está plagado de posibles riesgos a cada paso, y queríamos contar con el mejor asesoramiento jurídico que pudiéramos encontrar. Tras hablar con varios bufetes y profesionales, nos sentimos muy afortunados de haber elegido Harris Sliwoski nuestro asesor jurídico.

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Recurrimos a Harris Sliwoski todos nuestros asuntos jurídicos internacionales, incluidos los litigios internacionales. En los últimos años nos hemos visto envueltos en un par de grandes disputas legales internacionales y el equipo de resolución de disputas internacionales Harris Sliwoskinos proporcionó asistencia jurídica especializada en ambos asuntos. Siempre se esforzaron por explicarnos con detalle qué estaban haciendo y por qué, así como el coste aproximado de sus acciones en términos de honorarios legales. Y lo más importante: obtuvimos unos resultados excelentes en ambos casos y no me cabe duda de que Harris Sliwoski un factor determinante en ello.

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Hemos recurrido Harris Sliwoski asesoramiento jurídico en relación con nuestras actividades de fabricación a nivel internacional. Los abogados con los que trabajé conocían a la perfección las cuestiones jurídicas internacionales que afectaban a nuestros diversos proyectos y nos proporcionaron información clave. Valoro especialmente que siempre cumplan lo prometido de forma rápida y eficaz, y que siempre se mantengan dentro de los presupuestos estimados.

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